8BE + 动词的过去分词
各时态的主动 / 被动对照
| 时态 | 主动语态 | 被动公式 | 被动语态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | He cleans the room. 主语 + 动词原形/单三 + 宾语 | am / is / are + done | The room is cleaned by him. 主语 + am/is/are + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 一般过去时 | He cleaned the room. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语 | was / were + done | The room was cleaned by him. 主语 + was/were + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 一般将来时 | He will clean the room. 主语 + will + 动词原形 + 宾语 | will be + done | The room will be cleaned by him. 主语 + will be + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 过去将来时 | He said he would clean the room. 主语 + would + 动词原形 + 宾语 | would be + done | He said the room would be cleaned by him. 主语 + would be + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 现在进行时 | He is cleaning the room. 主语 + am/is/are + 动词 ing + 宾语 | am / is / are being + done | The room is being cleaned by him. 主语 + am/is/are being + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 过去进行时 | He was cleaning the room. 主语 + was/were + 动词 ing + 宾语 | was / were being + done | The room was being cleaned by him. 主语 + was/were being + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 现在完成时 | He has cleaned the room. 主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 | have / has been + done | The room has been cleaned by him. 主语 + have/has been + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
| 过去完成时 | He had cleaned the room. 主语 + had + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 | had been + done | The room had been cleaned by him. 主语 + had been + 动词的过去分词 + (by...) |
被动语态的核心公式
被动语态 = be + 动词的过去分词。be 动词承载时态和人称变化，过去分词由实义动词变来。原来主动语态里的宾语变成了被动语态的主语。